I Ching
Interpreted by wu wei

Inner and Outer Trigrams

The upper trigram is said to be the outer trigram, the lower trigram is said to be the inner trigram.
An example of how the inner and outer trigrams give meaning to the kua can be seen in kua 15, Ch’ien , Modesty.

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The lower trigram is that of Ken, symbolized by a mountain, the upper trigram is that of K’un, symbolized by the earth; therefore, a mountain hidden within the earth*the image of modesty. Another example is that of K’an, danger. When the trigram of K’an is the lower trigram, the danger exists within the situation. When the trigram K’an is the upper trigram, the danger is coming from outside the situation.

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_____ Lower

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